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Quick Guide to Precision                                                  Linear Scales
Measuring Instruments

Tests for Evaluating Linear Scales                                        4. Vibration test (Acceleration test)                                        H
                                                                          Confirms that there is no performance abnormality of a unit subject
1. Testing within the service temperature range                           to vibrations at a specific, non-resonant frequency.
Confirms that there is no performance abnormality of a unit within        5. Noise test
the service temperature range and that data output is according to        The noise test conforms to EMC Directive EN61326-1+A1:1998.
the standard.                                                             6. Package drop test
2. Temperature cycle (dynamic characteristics) test                       This test conforms to JISZ0200 (Heavy duty material drop test).
Confirms that there is no performance abnormality of a unit
during temperature cycling while operating and that data output is         BCD
according to the standard.
3. Vibration test (Sweep test)                                            A notation of expressing the numerals 0 through 9 for each digit
Confirms that there is no performance abnormality of a unit while         of a decimal number by means of four-bit binary sequence. Data
subject to vibrations of a frequency ranging from 30Hz to 300Hz           transmission is one-way output by means of TTL or open collector.
with a maximum acceleration of 3gn.
                                                                           RS-422
Glossary
                                                                          An interface standard that uses serial transmission of bits in
 Absolute System                                                         differential form over a balanced transmission line. RS-422 is superior
                                                                          in its data transmission characteristics and in its capability of operating
A measurement mode in which every point measurement is made               with only a single power supply of +5V.
relative to a fixed origin point.
                                                                           Accuracy
 Incremental System
                                                                          The accuracy specification of a scale is given in terms of the maximum
A measurement mode in which every point measurement is made               error to be expected between the indicated and true positions at
relative to a certain stored reference point.                             any point, within the range of that scale, at a temperature of 20C.
                                                                          Since there is no international standard defined for scale units, each
 Origin Offset                                                           manufacturer has a specific way of specifying accuracy. The accuracy
                                                                          specifications given in our catalogue have been determined using
A function that enables the origin point of a coordinate system to be     laser interferometry.
translated to another point offset from the fixed origin point. For this
function to work, a system needs a permanently stored origin point.        Narrow Range Accuracy

 Restoring the Origin Point                                              Scale gratings on a scale unit normally adopt 20 µm pitch though
                                                                          it varies according to the kind of scale. The narrow range accuracy
A function that stops each axis of a machine accurately in position       refers to the accuracy determined by measuring one pitch of each
specific to the machine while slowing it with the aid of integrated       grating at the limit of resolution (1 µm for example).
limit switches.

 Sequence Control

A type of control that sequentially performs control steps according 	
to a prescribed order.

 Numerical Control

A way of controlling the movements of a machine by encoded
commands created and implemented with the aid of a computer
(CNC). A sequence of commands typically forms a part program that
instructs a machine to perform a complete operation on a workpiece.

 Binary Output

Refers to output of data in binary form (ones and zeros) that
represent numbers as integer powers of 2.

 RS-232C

An interface standard that uses an asynchronous method of serial
transmission of data over an unbalanced transmission line for data
exchange between transmitters located relatively close to each other.
It is a means of communication mainly used for connecting a personal
computer with peripherals.

 Line Driver Output

This output features fast operating speeds of several tens to several
hundreds of nanoseconds and a relatively long transmission distance
of several hundreds of metres. A differential-voltmeter line driver
(RS422A compatible) is used as an I/F to the NC controller in the linear
scale system.

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